Water Injection (Was: Re: Wide Ratio O2)

Tue Mar 24 17:37:53 GMT 1998

Gas turbine manufacturers occasionally use fogging to increase mass 
throughput and hence power output.  Water is forced through nozzles at 
3,000-10,000 psig which results in fine atomization, fine enough that 
something else wears out before the compressor does.  GT gas producers 
typically turn relatively slowly at 3600-20,000 rpms, though.

Mike J.
----------
From: 	David Piper
Sent: 	Tuesday, March 24, 1998 8:46 AM
To: 	diy_efi at efi332.eng.ohio-state.edu
Subject: 	Re: Water Injection (Was: Re: Wide Ratio O2)

Naturally, you should design the nozzle for fine atomization and sufficient
pressure for choked flow.  Keep absolute pressure upstream at least 2X
downstream.  In addition to damage due to physical impingment on the
impeller leading edges, the liquid cavitates with millions of tiny toroidal
shapped droplets colapsing on the compressor blade while vaporizing during
exposure to the large velocity gradient present at the inducer.  The
toroidal shape focuses the tensor to a very small area which increases the
pressure to extreme levels and eventually removes metal from stress 
fatique.
The effect is gradual and slight but cummulative; more noticable near 
center
axis of blade on its leading edges.  Never lost a compressor blade.  May
actually improve efficiency similar to extrude honing?  Never have seen any
machine design that makes use of this fascinating physical phenomenon of 
the
toroidal shapes capability of concentrating force.

TurboDave

At 11:07 AM 3/23/98 +0000, you wrote:
>Peter,
>
>What causes the erosion?  Are the water droplets eroding the turbine
>blade just from their mechanical impact against the turbine blade,
>traveling at near the speed of sound, or is it a chemical thing, or
>both?  If you injected an atomized stream of fuel upstream of the
>turbo, would the same thing happen??
>	Just curious.  Just sitting here trying to hone my hat to a fine
>point.
>
>Zack
>
>
>> From:          PNefdt <PNefdt at aol.com>
>> Date:          Mon, 23 Mar 1998 21:09:12 EST
>> To:            diy_efi at efi332.eng.ohio-state.edu
>> Subject:       Re: Water Injection (Was: Re: Wide Ratio O2)
>> Reply-to:      diy_efi at efi332.eng.ohio-state.edu
>
>> I'm new here, so Hi.
>> The Volvo Group-A (think it was) turbos, used a second Bosch fuel 
injection
>> system to inject water. This was to inject water AFTER the turbo, 
otherwise
>> compressor blade erosion occurs.
>>
>> Regards, Peter.
>>
>>
>
>

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